Marlboro is a town in Windham County in southern Vermont. It was one of the first American towns to pass a resolution endorsing the impeachment of President George W. Bush in 2006, and is home to the Southern Vermont Natural History Museum, and Marlboro College.

Marlboro College was originally founded by Walter Hendricks in 1946 for returning World War II veterans, and today it hosts the "Marlboro Music School and Festival" each year.

Some notable people from Marlboro include: Newel Knight, religious leader; Richard Lewontin, biologist; Joseph Mazur, professor; Louis Moyse, flute player and composer; Blanche Honegger Moyse, conductor; Edson B. Olds, congressman; and Tasha Tudor, author & illustrator of children's books.