Guilford is a town in Windham County in the southeastern corner of the state, nestled between the Connecticut River and the Deerfield Valley, just south of Brattleboro, Vermont. The town was named for Francis North, 1st Earl of Guilford.

There was so much controversy between Yorkist and Vermont factions at the beginning of the Revolutionary War that 2 sets of officials were fighting for control in Guilford. The fighting escalated to a point where, in 1783, the Vermont government sent Ethan Allen with a Militia to the town to enforce martial law and collect taxes. This was known as the "Guilford War" and eventually those who opposed Vermont's laws moved to settle in New York.

Some notable people from Guilford include: Charles E. Phelps, Brigadier General, Medal of Honor recipient, & congressman for Maryland; Rudolf Serkin, Austrian pianist; and Royall Tyler, playwright.